Developing a common law of animal welfare: offences against animals and offences against persons compared

offences against intellectual property in penal law of iran and in international laws

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juridical foundations of temporary detention for offences against bodily integrity

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familial immunity in offences against properties and ownership

financial and economic relationships are undeniable realities and impressive factors in familial relations, and there are reciprocal interactions between these two. the existence of this relationship has caused the familial relations to be realized as effective in the penal destiny of aggressions against properties in the penal jurisprudence and statutes. in islamic jurisprudence, familial immu...

The Children's Amendment Act and the Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act: duty to report child abuse and sexual offences against children and mentally disabled persons.

SUFFERING IN NON-HUMAN ANIMALS: Perspectives from Animal Welfare Science and Animal Welfare Law

The paper argues that suffering is an aversive/negative subjective mental state originally inferred in animals, by humans, using an anthropomorphic interpretation of an animal’s situation, and the consequences of that situation on the animal’s behaviour or physical state. Over the last half century, developments in the field of animal welfare science have provided a substantial body of data abo...